Apparatus for supplying mixed fluids for combustion.



No. 792,940. PATENTED JUNE 20, 1905.

v G. SCOTT-SNELL.

APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING MIXED FLUIDS FOR COMBUSTION.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 14, 1904.

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I l 2 a $7 T W/HJ ZQQ fi/Z g No. 792,940. PATENTED JUNE 20, 1905. G. SCOTT-SNELL.

APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING MIXED FLUIDS FOR COMBUSTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ZZ a -M g Q 3%?[619 azz-w No. 792,940. PATENTED JUNE 20, 1905.

G. SCOTT-SNELL.

APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING MIXED FLUIDS FOR COMBUSTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14, 1904. 4 EE (f 73 i Z3 ZZ 70 I77 75' 77-; L

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PATENTED JUNE 20, 1905.

C. SCOTT-SNELL.

APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING MIXED FLUIDS FOR COMBUSTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

I! I l UNITED STATES Patented June 20, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES SCOTT-SNELL, OF WESTMINSTER, LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE SCOTT-SNELL PHILLIPS SYNDICATE, LIMITED, OF WESTMIN- STER, LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING MIXED FLUIDS FOR COMBUSTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 792,940, dated June 20, 1905.

Application filed June 14, 1904. Serial No. 212,552.

1'0 ml] whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OHARLEs Soo'r'r-SNELL, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 51 Victoria street, in the city of Westminster, London, S.W..England,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Supplying Mixed Fluids for Combustion, of which the following is a specification.

to The invention relates to the supply of gas, vapor, or air under pressure or a mixture of the two under more or less pressure for the purpose of lighting or heating by combustion.

The object of the present invention is-to provide improved means for obtaining a more perfect mixture of gas or vapor and air under pressure or a non-self-burning mixture of gas or vapor and air under pressure, whereby a more perfect combustion is obtained.

The invention consists of an improved form of compressing apparatus in which a reciprocating compressor formed by eithera single or double acting bell or diaphragm is driven from a motor through a spring.

2 5 The invention also consists in apparatus for obtaining a supply of a mixture of gas and air under pressure for delivery to a distribution system in which the gas and air supply are opened to the compressing-pump sepa- 3 rately and in succession during each suctionstroke, the mixture thus taking place in the compressor itself. 5

The invention also consists in the improved apparatus hereinafter described for supplying gas or vapor or mixtures thereof with air under pressure.

Referring now tothe accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a section through a singleacting compressor-valve chamber and spring- 4 box, the section being taken on the line A B of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line C D of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail view of a form of controlling device which may be used for the motor. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through a double-acting compressor and valve-chamber. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line E F of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail view of the form of eccentric driving mechanism used in the double-acting pump shown 5 in Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a section through a modified form of valve adapted to regulate the richness of the mixture of gas and air. Fig. 9- is another view of the same modification. Fig. 10 is a diagram showing one method of by-passing and arranging the improved apparatus.

In carrying the invention into effectaccording to one form, as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4:, a single-acting bell-pump a is provided, the open end of which operates in a liquid seal contained in the annular chamber Z). Coaxial with the bell of the pump and the annular chamber 5 there is arranged a central trunk 0, through which the pump-rod (Z passes, 5 guides e andf being provided in the trunk for steadying the pump-rod. The pump is driven from the power-shaft "i, which is operated by the clockwork mechanism or spring-box g, which is similar in construction to those used 7 for driving phonograph-records. The spring 9 may be wound up when required by means of an electric or other suitable motor 71, which is-connected by a belt or rope to the pulley 7a, a ratchet-and-pawl mechanism m being pro- 7 5 vided to prevent backward rotation of the spring 9 after it has been wound up. On the shaft c' or an extension thereof a mechanism (shown in detail in Fig. 4:) is provided for controlling the motor 76. This mechanism con- 30 sists of a screw-nut a, adapted to gear with a screw 0 on the shaft 6 or an extension thereof. The nut 12 is connected by the link n to the arm 8 of the motor resistance-switchr. When the spring 9 has been fully wound, the nut a 5 has moved along the screw 0 so as to put the arms in the off position. As the spring 9 unwinds the screw 0 turns, and the nut a is moved along the screw so as to bring the switch-arm .9 into the position for starting. 9 In this way there is no waste of energy and the action of the apparatus is entirely automatic. In order to enable the compressor to always give a predetermined richness of mixture when used for supplying mixtures of gas or vapor and air under pressure, a rotary valve t, Figs. 1 and 3, is provided, which is fixed to the driving-shaft so that it rotates synchronously with the bell-pump ct-that is, for each back and forward movement of the bell a the valve tmakes one complete revolution. The valve itself is in the form of a tube with one closed end and is provided with a longitudinal port 1), adapted during the rotation of the valve t to communicate successively with the air-space w, gas-space 1 and discharge 2, which are arranged in a belt round the valve t. The open end of the rotary tube-valve t communicates with the closed crank-chamber 2 and the trunk 0, the closed end q acting as a hub by which the valve may be secured to the driving-shaft 2 The air-space a is open to the atmosphere through the holes 3, and the gasspace y is supplied through the pipe 4, while the discharge-pipe 5 leads from the space .2. The operation of this device is as follows: Assume the valve to be moving in the direction shown by the arrow X, Fig. 3. Then the bell (0 starts its upward motion, the valve t is in the position in which it has just left the discharge-space .2 and commenced to register with the air-space Air will then be drawn into the bell during the time in which the port 1) in the valve t registers with the air-space 00, so that the length of the arc through which the air-space and the port are in register will determine the proportion of air drawn into the bell during each stroke. The valve then passes on, so as to cause the port 0) to open to the gas-space, and in a similar way the length of the are is proportional to the gas drawn into the bell. In this way it will be seen that the ratio of the lengths of the two arcs will be approximately the ratio of the mixture of gas and air drawn into the bell. After the suction-stroke of the pump the valve 1. is in a position, Fig. 3, diametrically opposite to its position at the commencement of that stroke. During the whole of the compression or down stroke of the bell the port 0 registers with the discharge-space .2. The discharge-space in consequence extends for approximately half the circumference of the belt surrounding the valve t.

In the double-acting form (shown in Figs. 5 to 7) the top of the bell-pumpa is inclosed by a casing or cover 9, and the chamber thus formed is connected by an external trunk 8 to a closed chamber 10, communicating with one side of a double-acting valve of the same type as has been described with reference to Figs. 1 and 3. The opposite end of the valve is in free communication with the central trunk c, which communicates with the inside of the bell a and is provided with one or more guides e for the pump-rod (Z.

Instead of usingaconnecting-rod for working the pump from the shaft 71, as shown in Fig. 1, an eccentric 12, Fig. 7, which is fixed to the power-shaft 71, may be used. This eccentric works in a box 13, carried by the pump-rod and slotted, so as to be a working fit over the shaft 5. As the shaft rotates the eccentric 12 bears against the overlapping edges of the box 13, and thus causes the pumprod to move up and down.

In Fig. 5 the pump is shown without an annular chamber for the sealingliquid. It will be seen, however, that an inner cylindrical wall may be cast on the same base as the wall a Either type of pump will serve the purpose equally well. The spring-box and the motor control are not shown in Fig. 7; but they may be arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 or in any other way which the circumstances under which the apparatus is required to work may demand.

The double-acting valve is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In this type a central division 14 is arranged the whole length of the tubular valve t. The compartments 15 and 16, into which the tube-valve t is thus divided, have closed ends 17 and 18, respectively, arranged at the opposite ends of the valve. In this way the compartment 15 is made to communicate with the chamber 10 and the compartment 16 with the chamber 2. Two ports 19 and 20 are formed in the walls of the tubular valve, the port 19 leading to the compartment 15 and the port 20 to the compartment 16. These ports are arranged diametrically opposite. The

action of this valve is similar to the singleacting type already described. While the one compartmentsay 15is in communication with the suction end@'. 6., the bell-pu mp a is descending the other compartment 16 is in communication with the discharge.

Figs. 8 and 9 show a form of valve adapted to vary the proportions of gas and air given out by the compressor. In this form the rotary valve tis surrounded by a sleeve 22, which is provided with large ports 23, 24:, and 25 for the gas-discharge and air spaces, respectively. The sleeve may be operated by the handle 28,- fixed at one end and passing through the outer barrel. The handle is movable for a short distance in a slot 27, a hood 26 being provided to prevent the egress of the fluid through the slot 27. The operation of this valve is as follows: Fig. 8 shows the sleeve 22 in the position in which the smallest proportion of gas will be supplied to the pump. The ratio of the length Z (the projection of the port 23 on the vertical diameter) to the diameter of the valve 2. represents the proportion of the stroke during which gas is being drawn into the pump. If new the sleeve 22 be moved to the right, the length L is now the proportion of the stroke during which gas is drawn into the pump. It will be seen that the proportion has been increased, owing to the new position of the port 23 in relation to the pump-bell.

In arranging for working an apparatus such as has been described it is preferable to use connections such as are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 10. In this form a non-return valve 34: and by-pass 29 are inserted in the supply and discharge pipes 31 and 32, so that should the motor be stopped through any cause the mains 30 may be flooded with a supply of pure gas at the ordinary supply-pressure, while the compressor 33 remains idle.

The devices herein described have the advantage that the mixture of the gas or vapor and air takes place in the compressor. This causes a much more eflicient mixing than is obtained by previous gas and air compressors, in which the mixture is effected outside the bell or chamber of the pump. The adaptability which this apparatus possesses for regulating the richness of the mixture is afurther advantage not possessed by previous types. It is also found that the mechanism for the pump-drive hereinbefore described as applied to the single-acting bell-pump eflects a rapid suction-stroke and a slow exhaust or discharge stroke. This feature possesses the advantage that a steady supply-pressure is obtained in the mains.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A device for supplying combustible fluid and air under practically-constant pressure comprising a bell mixing-pump working in a liquid seal and means for supplying the ingredients of the mixture in succession to the pump, substantially as described.

2. In combination with a device for supplyin g a compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air, means for supplying in succession to the pump predetermined proportions of the ingredients of the mixture, consistingof a movable distribution-valve substantially as described.

3. In combination with a device for supplyin g a compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air means for supplying in succession to the pump predetermined proportions of the ingredients of the mixture, consisting of a rotary distribution-valve substantially as described.

4. In combination with adevice for supplying a compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air, a rotary distribution-valve, separate chambers arranged around the valve said chambers being supplied with the various ingredients, and a discharge-chamber also disposed around the valve, substantially as described.

5. In combination with adevice for supplying combustible fluidand air under pressure, a rotary distribution-valve, a port in said valve, a combustible-fluid space, air and discharge spaces disposed around the valve so as to register successively with the port in the valve, substantially as described.

6. In combination with a device for supplyinga compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air, a rotary distribution-valve, a longitudinal port in saidvalve, combustible-fluid and air spaces arranged in one half of a belt around the valve, said spaces being in the ra tio of the required richness of mixture, a discharge-space arranged in the other half of the belt, substantially as and for the purposes described.

7 In combination with a device for supplying a compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air in which the compressor is driven from a rotary shaft, a tubular distribution-valve with one end closed, said valve being fixed on the driving-shaft of the compressor so as to rotate with it, a longitudinal portin said valve, combustible-fluid and air spaces arranged in one-half of a belt around the valve, said spaces being in the ratio of the required richness of mixture, 'a discharge-space arranged in the other half of the belt, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. Adeviceforsupplyingacompressed mixture of combustible fluid and air comprising a bell-pump, a driving-shaft for said bellpump, a tubular distribution-valve with one end closed rotatably carried by said drivingshat't, a longitudinal port in said valve, combustible-fluid and air spaces arranged in one half of a belt around the valve, said spaces being in the ratio of the required richness of mixture, a discharge-space arranged in the other half of the belt, substantially as and for the purposes described.

.9. In combination with a device for supplying a compressed mixture of combustiblefluid and air under pressure, a double-acting rotary distribution-valve, ports in said valve, a combustible fluid space, air and discharge spaces adapted to register successively and as required with the ports in the valve, substantially as described.

10. In combination with adevice for supplying a compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air, a double-acting rotary distributionvalve, longitudinal ports in said valve, combustible-fluid and air spaces arranged in one half of a belt surrounding the valve, said spaces being in the ratio of the required richness of mixture, a discharge-space arranged in the other half of the belt, substantially as and for the purposes described.

11. In combination with a device for supplying a compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air and in which a double-acting com' pressor driven by a rotating shaft is used, a valve-casing containing separate combustiblefluid, air and discharge chambers, a cylindrical distribution-valve mounted on and rotatable with the pump-driving shaft, said distribution-valve having two chambers opening to opposite ends of the double-acting compressor and ports in said chambers arranged diametrically opposite, substantially as described.

12. In combination with a device for supplying a compressed mixture of combustiblefluid and air and in which a double-acting compressor is used, a practically-cylindrical valvecasing containing separate chambers arranged in definite proportions in a belt, a cylindrical distribution-valve arranged coaxiall y with the valve-casing and rotatable with the pumpdriving shaft, said distribution-valve having two chambers opening to opposite ends of the double-acting compressor and a longitudinal port in each of said chambers said ports being arranged diametrically opposite, substantially as described.

13. A device for supplying a compressed mixture of combustible fluid and air, comprising a double-acting bell-pu mp, a driving-shaft for said bell-pump, a practically-cylindrical valve-casing containing separate chambers arranged in definite proportions in a belt, a cylindrical distribution-valve arranged coaxially-With the valve-easing and rotatable with the pump-driving shaft, said distributionvalve having two chambers opening to opposite ends of the double-acting compressor and a longitudinal port in each of said chambers, said ports being arranged diametrically opposite, substantially as described.

14. In combination with a device for supplying a mixture of combustible fluid and air, means for varying the proportion of the ingredients-of the mixture consisting of a movable member carrying ports adapted to register successively with combustible-fluid and air spaces, a movable valve controlling said ports, the ports in said movable member being arranged to alter the time of cut-off of the supply of the combustible fluid, substantially as described.

15. In combination with a device for supplying a mixture of combustible fluid and air, means for varying the proportion of the ingredients of the mixture, consisting of a movable member carrying ports a rotary distribution-valve controlling said ports, the ports in said movable member being arranged to alter the time of the cut-off of the supply of the various ingredients,substantially as described.-

16. In combination with a device for supplying a mixture of combustible fluid and air, a cylindrical rotary distribution-valve, a portcarrying sleeve surrounding the said valve and movable for a short distance round it, combustible-fluid, air and discharge spaces arranged in a belt around said sleeve, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

17. In combination with a device for supplying a compressed mixture of gas and air and in which a double-acting bell-pump driven by a rotating shaft is used, a cylindrical distribution-valve provided with two chambers opening to opposite ends of the double-acting bell-pump, a longitudinal port in each chamber of said valve, said ports being arranged diametrically opposite, a port-carrying sleeve surrounding said valve and movable for a short distance round it, separate combustible-fluid, air and discharge chambers arranged in a belt around the sleeve, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES SCOTT-SNELL.

Witnesses:

WALTER E. ROCHE, CHAS. YELVERTON. 

